Estudios y Ensayos
Español
Daniel Enrique Castillo Torres- Rosa Nuñez-Pacheco, Dra.
- Blanca Estela López-Pérez, Dra.
Published 2019-06-29
How to Cite
Castillo Torres, D. E., Nuñez-Pacheco, R., & López-Pérez, B. E. (2019). Español. Uruguayan Review of Anthropology and Ethnography On Line: ISSN 2393-6886, 4(1), 31–45. https://doi.org/10.29112/ruae.v4i1.153
Abstract
The present work offers contributions to the digital ethnographic methodology, which is shared by postmodern cultural studies that integrate the ethnography of anthropology as a transversal and systematic methodology to all other sciences. Thus, visual anthropology transforms the classical methodology of anthropology, to broaden the studies of digital and modern social phenomena, as proposed and thus have a deeper analysis of the subject of today. Specifically, the ethnographic contributions are based mainly on the collection of data in virtual communities that originate from the interaction and communication of the ethnographer as a player within video games, since these have been considered as cultural products of a complex society that conceives the virtual as part of it. These points have been obtained in a particular study of the World of Warcraft, which analyzes some behaviors of digital indigenous communities in Latin America and the experience as an ethnographer in digital communities. Finally, the agents involved show new forms of appropriation and construction of cultural concepts that are the product of experience in local and individual digital realities, generating a significant change in the digital ethnographic methodology, so that these results justify the attention given in the studies Latin American on videogames in order to consider them as methodological tools, educational and cultural producers.
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References
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Bogost, I. (2007). Persuasive games. The expressive power of videogames. Cambridge: MIT.
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Castañeda-Peña, H., Salazar-Sierra, A., Gonzáles-Romero, N., Sierra-Gutiérrez, L.I. & Menéndez-Echevarría, A.L. (2015). Juegos masivos multijugador: arquitecturas, identidades e hipermediación. Bogotá: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.
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Castillo, D. (2018). An anthropological approach to the Latin American Digital Culture of World of Warcraft. Caracteres. Estudios culturales y críticos de la esfera digital, 7(1), 407-427.
Castillo, D. (2017). Antropología: Otros puntos de vista para analizar la sociedad. Arequipa: Unsa.
Castronova, E. (2004). Synthetic worlds: The business and culture of online games. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Comaroff, J. (2010). The end of anthropology, again: On the future of an in/discipline. American Anthropologist, 112(4), 524-538(15).
Chambers, S.C. (1999). From subjects to citizens: Honor, Gender, and Politics in Arequipa, Peru, 1780-1854. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Corneliussen, H. & Rettberg, J. W. (Eds.). (2011). Digital culture, play, and identity: A World of Warcraft reader. London: MIT.
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Harvey, C. B. (2015). Fantastic Transmedia: Narrative, play and memory across science fiction and fantasy storyworlds. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
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Huizinga, J. (1949). Homo ludens: A study of the play element in culture. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Kim, B. (2015). Understanding gamification. Chicago: American Library Association.
Lesser, Alexander. (1996). The Pawnee ghost dance hand game. Lincoln: University of Nebraska.
Lin, H. & Sun, C.-T. (2016). A chinese cyber-diaspora: Contact and identity negotiation in a game world. In A. Pulos & S.A. Lee (Eds.), Transnational contexts of culture, gender, class, and colonialism in play, East Asian popular culture (pp. 155-178). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
Malinowski, B. (1986). Los argonautas del Pacífico occidental. Barcelona: Planeta-De Agostini.
Mäyrä, F. (2009). Getting into the game: Doing multidisciplinay games studies. In B. Perron & M.J.P. Wolf (Eds.), The video game theory reader 2 (pp. 313-330). New York: Routledge.
Miller, D. & Horst, H.A. (2012). The digital and the human: A prospectus for digital anthropology. In A. H. Horst & D. Miller (Eds.), Digital anthropology (pp. 3-38). New York: Berg.
Myers, D. (2006). Signs, symbols, games, and play. Games and culture, 1(1), 47-51.
Nakamura, L. & Chow-White, P.A. (Eds.). (2012). Race after the Internet. Oxon: Routledge.
Nardi, B. A. (2010). My life as a night elf priest: An anthropological account of World of Warcraft. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
Oldenburg, R. (1997). The great good place: Cafés, coffee shops, community centers, beauty parlors, general stores, bars, hangouts, and how they get you through the day. New York: Marlowe & Company.
Opler, M. K. (1945). A sumo tournament at Tule Lake Center. American Anthropologist 47(1).
Pearce, C. & Artemesia (2009). Communities of play: Emergent cultures in multiplayer games and virtual worlds. Cambridge: MIT.
Pearce, C., Boellstorff, T. & Nardi, B.A. (Eds.). (2009). Communities of play: Emergent cultures in multiplayer games and virtual worlds. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Penix-Tadsen, P. (2016). Cultural code, video games and Latin America. London: MIT.
Plesner, U. & Phillips, L. (Eds.). (2014). Researching virtual worlds: Methodologies for studying emergent practices. Oxon: Routledge.
Restrepo, Eduardo. (2012). Antropología y estudios culturales: disputas y confluencias desde la periferia. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno.
Rey-Vásquez, E. M. (2017). Videojuegos: perspectivas éticas y educativas. Bogotá: Aula de Humanidades y Universidad de San Buenaventura.
Sahlins, M. D. (1972). Las sociedades tribales. Barcelona: Labor.
Tan, W.K., Yeh, Y.D. & Chen, S.H. (2017). The role of social interaction element on intention to play MMORPG in the future: From the perspective of leisure constraint negotiation process. Games and Culture, 12(1), 28-55.
Taylor, T. L. (2006). Play between worlds: Exploring online game culture. Cambridge:
MIT Press.
Thomas, D. & Brown J. S. (2007). The play of imagination: Extending the literary mind. Games and Culture, 2(2), 149-172.
Thornham, H. (2011). Ethnographies of the videogame: Gender, narrative and praxis. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company.
Vázquez-Estrada, A. (2017). Reencuentro con el argonauta. Malinowski y los desafíos de la antropología contemporánea. Querétaro: Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro.
Williams, D. (2006). Why games studies now? Games and Culture. 1(1). 1-4.
Yee, N. (2006). The psychology of massively multi-user online role-playing games: Motivations, emotional investment, relationships and problematic usage. In R. Schroeder & A. S. Axelsson (Eds.), Avatars at work and play (pp. 187-2017). London: Springer.
Appelbaum, A. S. & Rosemblatt, K. A. (Eds.). (2003). Race and nation in modern Latin America. London: The University of North Carolina Press.
Baker, B., Hock-Koon, S., Kojima, H., Masadi, S., Miller, K., Mitropoulos, J., ... Dyer Witheford, N. (2012). Extra life. 10 videojuegos que revolucionaron la cultura contemporánea. Madrid: Errata naturae.
Bell, M. W. (2008). Toward a definition of virtual worlds. Journal of Virtual Worlds. Research 1(1), 1-5.
Blanchard, K. & Taylor-Cheska, A. (1986). Antropología del deporte. Barcelona: Bellaterra.
Blizzard Entertainment. (2018). World of Warcraft Races. Press release. Available from https://worldofwarcraft.com/en-us/game/races. Last accessed June 2018.
Boellstorff, T. (2008). Coming of Age in Second Life: An anthropologist explores the virtually human. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Boellstorff, T., Nardi, B., Pearce, C. & Taylor, T.L. (2012). Ethnography and virtual worlds: A handbook of method. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Bogost, I. (2006). Unit operations: An approach to videogame criticism. Cambridge: MIT.
Bogost, I. (2007). Persuasive games. The expressive power of videogames. Cambridge: MIT.
Carey, J. W. (1989). Communication as culture: Essays on media and society. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Castañeda-Peña, H., Salazar-Sierra, A., Gonzáles-Romero, N., Sierra-Gutiérrez, L.I. & Menéndez-Echevarría, A.L. (2015). Juegos masivos multijugador: arquitecturas, identidades e hipermediación. Bogotá: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.
Castillo, D. (2018). Antropología y videojuegos: apropiación de mundos virtuales para el caso de una comunidad de gamers del World of Warcraft en Arequipa. En Núñez-Pacheco, R., Castillo-Torres, D. & López-Pérez, B. (Eds.). Narrativas transmedia, literatura y cultura en los videojuegos. Arequipa: Editorial UNSA.
Castillo, D. (2018). An anthropological approach to the Latin American Digital Culture of World of Warcraft. Caracteres. Estudios culturales y críticos de la esfera digital, 7(1), 407-427.
Castillo, D. (2017). Antropología: Otros puntos de vista para analizar la sociedad. Arequipa: Unsa.
Castronova, E. (2004). Synthetic worlds: The business and culture of online games. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Comaroff, J. (2010). The end of anthropology, again: On the future of an in/discipline. American Anthropologist, 112(4), 524-538(15).
Chambers, S.C. (1999). From subjects to citizens: Honor, Gender, and Politics in Arequipa, Peru, 1780-1854. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Corneliussen, H. & Rettberg, J. W. (Eds.). (2011). Digital culture, play, and identity: A World of Warcraft reader. London: MIT.
DeNicola, L. (2012). Geomedia: The reassertion of space within digital culture. In A. H. Horst & D. Miller (Eds.), Digital anthropology (pp. 80-100). New York: Berg.
Ferraro, G. & Andreatta, S. (2010). Cultural Anthropology. An Applied Perspective. Belmont: Wadsworth.
Fischer, M.M.J. (2009). Anthropological Futures. London: Duke University Press.
Giang, M.t., Kafai, Y.B., Fields, D.A. & Searle, K.A. (2012). Social interactions in virtual worlds: Patterns and profiles of tween relationship play. In J. Fromme & A. Unger (Eds.), Computer games and New Media Cultures: A Handbook of Digital Games Studies (pp. 543-556). London: Springer.
Gupta, A. & Ferguson, J. (1992). Beyond ‘Culture’: Space, Identity, and the Politics of Difference. Cultural Anthropology 7(1), 6-23.
Harvey, C. B. (2015). Fantastic Transmedia: Narrative, play and memory across science fiction and fantasy storyworlds. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Heider, K. G. (2007). Seeing anthropology: Cultural anthropology through film (4th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
Hine, C. (2004). Etnografía virtual. Barcelona: Editorial UOC.
Hutchinson, R. (2016). Virtual colonialism: Japan’s others in SoulCalibur. In A. Pulos & S.A. Lee (Eds.), Transnational contexts of culture, gender, class, and colonialism in play, East Asian popular culture (pp. 155-178). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
Huizinga, J. (1949). Homo ludens: A study of the play element in culture. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Kim, B. (2015). Understanding gamification. Chicago: American Library Association.
Lesser, Alexander. (1996). The Pawnee ghost dance hand game. Lincoln: University of Nebraska.
Lin, H. & Sun, C.-T. (2016). A chinese cyber-diaspora: Contact and identity negotiation in a game world. In A. Pulos & S.A. Lee (Eds.), Transnational contexts of culture, gender, class, and colonialism in play, East Asian popular culture (pp. 155-178). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
Malinowski, B. (1986). Los argonautas del Pacífico occidental. Barcelona: Planeta-De Agostini.
Mäyrä, F. (2009). Getting into the game: Doing multidisciplinay games studies. In B. Perron & M.J.P. Wolf (Eds.), The video game theory reader 2 (pp. 313-330). New York: Routledge.
Miller, D. & Horst, H.A. (2012). The digital and the human: A prospectus for digital anthropology. In A. H. Horst & D. Miller (Eds.), Digital anthropology (pp. 3-38). New York: Berg.
Myers, D. (2006). Signs, symbols, games, and play. Games and culture, 1(1), 47-51.
Nakamura, L. & Chow-White, P.A. (Eds.). (2012). Race after the Internet. Oxon: Routledge.
Nardi, B. A. (2010). My life as a night elf priest: An anthropological account of World of Warcraft. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
Oldenburg, R. (1997). The great good place: Cafés, coffee shops, community centers, beauty parlors, general stores, bars, hangouts, and how they get you through the day. New York: Marlowe & Company.
Opler, M. K. (1945). A sumo tournament at Tule Lake Center. American Anthropologist 47(1).
Pearce, C. & Artemesia (2009). Communities of play: Emergent cultures in multiplayer games and virtual worlds. Cambridge: MIT.
Pearce, C., Boellstorff, T. & Nardi, B.A. (Eds.). (2009). Communities of play: Emergent cultures in multiplayer games and virtual worlds. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Penix-Tadsen, P. (2016). Cultural code, video games and Latin America. London: MIT.
Plesner, U. & Phillips, L. (Eds.). (2014). Researching virtual worlds: Methodologies for studying emergent practices. Oxon: Routledge.
Restrepo, Eduardo. (2012). Antropología y estudios culturales: disputas y confluencias desde la periferia. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno.
Rey-Vásquez, E. M. (2017). Videojuegos: perspectivas éticas y educativas. Bogotá: Aula de Humanidades y Universidad de San Buenaventura.
Sahlins, M. D. (1972). Las sociedades tribales. Barcelona: Labor.
Tan, W.K., Yeh, Y.D. & Chen, S.H. (2017). The role of social interaction element on intention to play MMORPG in the future: From the perspective of leisure constraint negotiation process. Games and Culture, 12(1), 28-55.
Taylor, T. L. (2006). Play between worlds: Exploring online game culture. Cambridge:
MIT Press.
Thomas, D. & Brown J. S. (2007). The play of imagination: Extending the literary mind. Games and Culture, 2(2), 149-172.
Thornham, H. (2011). Ethnographies of the videogame: Gender, narrative and praxis. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company.
Vázquez-Estrada, A. (2017). Reencuentro con el argonauta. Malinowski y los desafíos de la antropología contemporánea. Querétaro: Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro.
Williams, D. (2006). Why games studies now? Games and Culture. 1(1). 1-4.
Yee, N. (2006). The psychology of massively multi-user online role-playing games: Motivations, emotional investment, relationships and problematic usage. In R. Schroeder & A. S. Axelsson (Eds.), Avatars at work and play (pp. 187-2017). London: Springer.